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FORGING MACHINES
Forging consists of hammering heated bars or billets of steel and
other metals within closed Impression Dies.
Dies impart proper shape and size to the work piece.
Dies are carefully machined and ground for getting actual
impression of all metals.
Drop Forging Machines used are of either the Gravity or
Steam Drop-Hammer types.
Forging Presses may be of the Mechanical or Hydraulic type, and
the products may be forgings of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous metals.
Forging operations can be applied in production of small and medium
size parts of all design by using closed impression dies, only a single
stroke of ram of the forging press, where most of the total work is
transmitted to the forged metal and a saving in labour cost is expected.
All these machines are provided with Split Dies, which will clamp the bar,
holding it in position, and then the header punch will form the bar to
its proper shape.
Dies are expensive, and considerable experience required in
processing and designing Dies.
* FORGING PRESSES :
1. FRICTION SCREW PRESSES:
Action midway between Press and Hammer, used extensively, for
Hot Fe & Non- Fe Metal forging, and also for other purposes.
2. TRIMMING PRESSES:
For removing the Fin and Flash. The machines are crank - operated
with large gear sizes.
3. PNEUMATIC POWER HAMMERS:
Very useful for drawing out before or after Drop Forging and
preparing using electrically operated sizes up to 40 cwt.
4. SPRING AND HELVE HAMMERS:
Also used for drawing out, especially on small forgings.
Very Fast, light blow, can be used for sizing round forgings
by rolling during forging.
5. COUNTER-BLOW HAMMERS:
These hammers eliminate the use of anvil blocks, and have Two cups,
an upper and a lower.
The Upper cup is connected to a piston rod and piston moves
up and down in a fixed cylinder and driving medium is admitted above
or below the piston, Presses can be either steam or air.
6. COINING PRESSES :
Very sturdy, mechanically operated machines used for sizing forgings,
where it is necessary to reduce or avoid machining allowance.
Operations are carried out in a cold state. Only required for work to
a very exacting specification.
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